The versatile option offense

June 1, 2009

I’m proud to be at a (g)rad school where scientists not only figure out secrets of the earth (and the universe) but often employ interdisciplinary approaches to get the job done (IGERT cohort represent!). But, full disclosure: I’m even prouder to be from a school with more astronauts and a football team that didn’t dissolve after its first season. (This is because nerds from the Midwest love a solid running game as much as running regression analyses.) Between kicking as-trophysics and taking games, my alma mater scores $500M in research funding each year, and uses it to get mad interdisciplinary and high…Tech.

From my old A-town stomp-ing ground comes a high-profile example of the option offense, as executed by marine organisms. Chemists and biologist at Georgia Tech collaborated to study the secondary metabolites on the surfaces of marine algae using a new technology called desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. (Can this please be the name of a new hair product, too?) The tool allows scientists to map the chemical properties of an intact biological surface to determine where on the organism a chemical is being used, not just that it’s “in there somewhere, doin’ something.” (This had long been standard protocol in chemical ecology.) Read the rest of this entry »


Why you didn’t really want the job, Waiting for Godot edition

May 30, 2009

Even without trading tears for electric shocks, graduate school is a painful, mostly thankless slog with rare moments of fun and rarer moments of reward. (NSF and Kristen sittin’ in a Petri, F-U-N-D-I-N-G.) If that weren’t lonely enough, try spending graduate school studying fragile, dying creatures in hopes of someday possibly contributing the tiniest bit of help to one of the biggest disasters mankind has caused. It almost makes you want to study fruit flies.

One of the few delights I have while studying (the end of) coral reefs is watching baby corals just after they’re born. Coral “birth” involves collecting gametes on night dives, mixing them on shore, having panic attacks while rinsing them and trying to keep them from dying and exploding in the lab, sleeping from 5 to 8 am, finding sanity in iPod shuffle mode, repeating for three days, then beginning the year’s experiments. Okay, that’s not the delightful part. Read the rest of this entry »


The complexiest species of them all

May 29, 2009

“Who’s there?”

“Tiny jellyfish.”

“Tiny jellyfish who?”

“Tiny upside-down jellyfish full of algae eating plankton and making copies of itself.”

“Ohhhhhhh, it’s you, corals! I didn’t recognize you from the sound of how you don’t make any sound. You’re usually too busy doing weird and complicated things underwater to find me at my workplace.” But not today! I’m usually too busy knitting coral reefs out of yarn and watching football highlight videos on YouTube to see what Science publishes, um, ever, but thanks to a tip from Aaron (props, dude), I bring you today’s hot coral news: corals are complicated. No, really, it’s truer than before, and for really interesting reasons. Read the rest of this entry »

Why you didn’t really want the job, water torture edition

May 29, 2009

I’m more a fan of Maslow than of Freud or Skinner. I’m pretty sure humans are innately programmed to seek beauty and truth and emotional growth through their behaviors rather than live constrained by the subconscious id or the conditioning of their past. But there’s no optimistic, forward-looking philosophy of motivation that can handle more than a few electric shocks before it collapses into a pile of hatred for the world and aversive behavior. (My sister and I agree not drinking coffee on Saturday does the same thing to a person. Self-caffeination beats Self-actualization anyday.)

I went to Curacao last month to help start a new multidisciplinary research project. As suggested by my trip nicknames— “Microbe Girl” and “K-Party”—it was my job to spend the entire trip inside a container lab doing obscure microbiology tasks while everyone else was scuba diving, and then it was my job to not complain about it later on because it was time to drink beer and watch an amazing sunset. Yay…sunsets are way better than scuba diving? Read the rest of this entry »


Double X: Every Sperm is Sacred

May 28, 2009

The latest from The Oyster’s Garter’s doppelganger:

Don’t you hate it when you accidentally have sex with your sister? This happens to Indian meal moths, a common kitchen pest that feeds on grains and cereals. Being moths, they don’t really care about the moral issues, but offspring of an incestuous moth union are likely to be infertile. And since the moths have only a week get busy before heading off to the Great Pantry in the Sky, they can’t afford too many reproductive dead ends.

Read the rest.


Baby Otters

May 28, 2009

Engage cute-appreciation apparatus:

(Thanks JeByrnes!)


Knit one, pearl two, repeat for 240 million years

May 27, 2009

What’s as excruciating as waiting for corals to grow into a whole reef? I’d argue it’s knitting. In either case, the same thing has to happen over and over and over, without interference, before you get something to house biodiversity or wear for the winter, and then you run the risk of ships crashing into it or moths eating it, or if you decided to knit an iceberg, I guess, both. (Knitting icebergs: it’s like rearranging deck chairs.)

CrochetReef

Crocheting the coral rubble is extra-tedious

If you’re an artist, there’s a beautiful symmetry here: why not make something slow-growing out of something slow-going? Yesterday, Eric saw a nice review of the Coral Reef Crochet Project, an art exhibit about corals, by crafters (AC/BC?). Then he remembered something about me and corals. Handicraft handoff.

Read the rest of this entry »


We know y’all like to think your pits don’t stink…

May 26, 2009

…but lean a little bit closer, see, roses really smell like…stinky tee-shirts?

Biology is complicated, but most experimental design isn’t. Thanks to the t-test and its descendants, we scientists end up telling a lot of binary “less vs. more” stories and it ends up being hard to tell what really matters in the grand scheme of stuff. (Flu from animals? Hate on food from animals.)

So I was delighted this weekend when one of my favorite “less vs. more” laboratory results—interesting but of questionable relative importance—turned out to be substantiated by surveys of the larger human population, and was therefore applicable to my everyday life of not eating meat, waiting for football season, and judging things by how they smell.

The major histocompatibility complex (“It’s just major right here, y’all know what I’m sayin’?”) is a region of human chromosome 6 that codes for a bunch of cell-cell recognition capabilities involved in reproduction and immunity (finding cells that your cells like, or don’t like, and responding accordingly). I’ve long been a fan of what came to be known as “The Sweaty T-Shirt Study,” which demonstrated that women prefer the smell of sweat from men whose MHC regions are least similar to theirs, the implication being that the resultant offspring from such a scent-match would have the most “go-getta” immune systems. To me, the study approach—”Here, smell.”—seemed kind of anachronistic, but the conclusions were revolutionary enough to start a whole field of sniff-and-tell research. Scientists later showed that there was no significant preference (p>0.05 = T-Pain) for the smell of outcast-MHCs among women using hormonal birth control; they preferred the smell of men with the most similar MHC. Read the rest of this entry »


Double X: Replacing Pesticides with Fear

May 26, 2009

The latest salvo in The Oyster’s Garter’s takeover of Double X:

It’s tough to be a fuzzy little mammal. Death can come from the sky or beneath the earth or behind the next tree, so their lives are governed by constant, quivering fear. Prey species live in a dangerous neighborhood, and they must always be alert to their surroundings. That’s why a Middle Eastern plan to control pest populations with predatory birds is brilliant. Instead of pouring toxins on their crops to kill rodents, they are installing nest boxes for day-hunting kestrels and night-hunting barn owls to provide around-the-clock mouse munching.

Read the rest!


Why you didn’t really want the job, Memorial Day edition

May 25, 2009

One of the worst parts of being a coral reef biologist is that you spend a lot of time underwater noticing things that kinda suck: a band of coral disease here, a creepy algal overgrowth there, a group of herbivorous parrotfish strung up in an abandoned gill net… it adds up to an ever-present, sorrowful feeling on most dives. But sometimes over that background of dull anxiety comes something beyond mere “bummer” status.

Such an experience occurred last fall when I went diving to check on some corals I had gotten to know well over the previous year. (Yes, I know individual coral colonies by their location, shape, surroundings, and the numbers I’ve given them… is that weird?) Tropical Storm (later Hurricane) Omar had spent the previous three days hovering near Curacao, where I do my field research, causing the water between Curacao and Venezuela to slosh around in the channel between them like it was a bathtub.

Mind you, hurricanes are a normal stress for a coral reef. (In this case, we didn’t start the fire, though things may be getting worse on our watch.) So the storm itself wasn’t the issue as much as the fact that the branching shallow-water corals of the Caribbean died off en masse in the 1980s and have failed to make a substantial recovery. You know what hefty, cylindrical coral skeleton fragments look like in a huge pile? Baseball bats. So this should have been less of a surprise… Read the rest of this entry »


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